Cervical Screening abnormalities and Colposcopy
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Cervical Screening Abnormalities and Colposcopy
What is cervical screening?
Cervical screening is a test to detect the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) and any changes in the cells of the cervix that could lead to cervical cancer. In Australia, the National Cervical Screening Program recommends a Cervical Screening Test every five years for women and people with a cervix aged 25 to 74.
What does an abnormal cervical screening result mean?
An abnormal result does not necessarily mean you have cervical cancer. It indicates that HPV has been detected or there are changes in the cervical cells that require further investigation. These changes are often minor and may resolve on their own,
but some may need treatment to prevent progression.
What happens after an abnormal result?
If your screening test shows abnormalities, your healthcare provider may recommend:
– A repeat test in 12 months to monitor changes.
– A colposcopy for a closer examination of the cervix.
What is a colposcopy?
A colposcopy is a procedure that uses a special magnifying instrument (colposcope) to examine the cervix, vagina, and vulva for abnormalities. It is usually performed in a clinic and takes about 15-20 minutes.
What happens during a colposcopy?
During the procedure:
– You will lie on an examination table, similar to a Pap test.
– The colposcope is positioned outside the vagina to provide a magnified view of the cervix.
– A solution may be applied to highlight abnormal areas.
– If necessary, a small tissue sample (biopsy) may be taken for further analysis.
Is a colposcopy painful?
Most women find the procedure to be slightly uncomfortable but not painful. If a biopsy is taken, you may feel a brief pinch or cramp.
What are the possible outcomes of a colposcopy?
The results of a colposcopy can confirm whether the cervical changes are:
– Low-grade (less likely to progress to cancer).
– High-grade (requiring treatment to prevent progression).
– Indicative of other conditions that need further management.
What are the treatment options for abnormal cervical cells?
Treatment depends on the severity of the abnormalities and may include:
– Monitoring with regular follow-up tests.
– Removing abnormal cells through procedures like LLETZ (Large Loop Excision of the Transformation Zone) or laser therapy.
What do Australian guidelines recommend?
The National Cervical Screening Program emphasizes:
– Regular screening to detect abnormalities early.
– Prompt follow-up of abnormal results with colposcopy or other investigations.
– Individualized care based on the type and severity of abnormalities.
When should I see a doctor?
You should consult your healthcare provider if you experience symptoms such as unusual vaginal bleeding, pain during intercourse, or persistent pelvic pain, even if your last screening test was normal.
For more information, you can refer to the [National Cervical Screening Program](https://www.health.gov.au/our-work/national-cervical-screening-program) or the [Cancer Council Australia](https://www.cancer.org.au/clinical-guidelines/cervical-cancer/cervical-cancer-screening).